- Essays··10 min read
The Cart That Signs Itself
The question in agentic commerce has moved: not whether a language model can assemble a cart — it can — but who holds legal authority when that cart signs itself against a live payments rail. The planner-executor split now carries cryptographic mandate obligations with EU regulatory teeth. The missing component in every production deployment studied here is an eval harness rigorous enough to catch the 5–10% of cases that define next quarter's returns rate.
agentic-commerceplanner-executorretail-aipayments-infrastructureRead - Essays··8 min read
A Cabinet, a Court, a Copyright Clause: The Gulf's Quiet Legal-AI Build
While the June headlines fixed on Gulf gigawatts and GB300 licences, three quieter moves redrew the region's AI map one layer above the chip — in the statute book. A new UAE federal AI-and-data authority, a Saudi copyright exception that opens a training-data corridor the EU is busy closing, and the DIFC's autonomous-systems rules together sketch what a sovereign legal-AI stack will look like.
legal-aiai-regulationgulf-techai-sovereigntyRead - Essays··7 min read
Both regulators blinked — and the gap sits exactly where the agents live
Two of the most consequential financial supervisors stepped back from AI oversight inside eight weeks — and the retreat lands precisely on the generative and agentic systems that worry me most. The regulators blinked. The risk didn't even slow down.
model-riskai-regulationeu-ai-actagentic-aiRead - Essays··7 min read
The AI Rulebook Is Now a Customs Form
The last forty days of AI regulation were barely about AI. They were about ports, subsidiary structures, export taxes and chips that triangulate their own location. The rulebook is now a customs form.
ai-regulationexport-controlseu-ai-actai-sovereigntyRead